GB/T 18401-2010 Textile Color Fastness Test to Saliva

GB/T 18401-2010, "National Basic Safety Technical Specifications for Textile Products," stipulates that infant textile products must be assessed for color fastness to saliva. Saliva color fastness refers to the degree to which the color of textiles is maintained under the action of artificially simulated saliva.

Infants and young children often suck and chew on their clothes. Due to the biochemical action of proteases in human saliva, it can promote the decomposition of dyes, potentially allowing harmful substances from the dyes to enter the baby's body through the mouth, thereby posing a risk to the health of infants and young children. Therefore, saliva color fastness is a specific test item added for infant clothing.

Shanghai Qianshi Precision Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd., established in 2012, focuses on the research and development, design, and production of textile testing instruments. It provides textile testing instruments and services to academic research units and testing institutions. Shanghai Qianshi is currently one of the most competitive and R&D-capable manufacturers of textile testing instruments in China, with an R&D team composed of experienced engineers. We are dedicated to serving our customers with all our heart and striving to promote technological innovation in textile testing instruments.

The national standard method for testing color fastness to saliva is as follows:

The new test method, GB/T 18886-2019 "Textiles - Color Fastness Test - Color Fastness to Saliva," was issued on June 4, 2019, and implemented on January 1, 2020, replacing GB/T 18886-2002.

Test Principle:

The sample is laminated with the specified adjacent fabric, placed in artificial saliva, and excess test solution is removed. It is then placed between two plates in the test device, with a specified pressure applied. It is maintained under specified conditions for a certain period of time. Afterward, the sample and adjacent fabric are dried separately, and the discoloration of the sample and staining of the adjacent fabric are evaluated using a gray scale card or instrument.

Sample Preparation:

1. For fabric samples, prepare the sample according to one of the following methods:

a) Take a (100±2)mm x (40±2)mm sample and contact the front with a (100)mm x (40)mm multi-fiber adjacent fabric to form a combined sample.

b) Take a (100±2)mm x (40±2)mm sample, sandwich it between two (100±2)mm x (40±2)mm single-fiber adjacent fabrics, and sew along the short sides to form a combined sample.

2. For yarn or loose fiber samples, take yarn or loose fiber mass approximately equal to half of the total mass of the adjacent fabric and prepare a combined sample by one of the following methods:

a) Sandwich it between a (100±2)mm x (40±2)mm multi-fiber adjacent fabric and a (100±2)mm x (40±2)mm undyed fabric, and sew along the four sides to form a combined sample.

b) Sandwich it between two (100±2)mm x (40±2)mm specified single-fiber adjacent fabrics and sew along the four sides to form a combined sample.

Adjacent Fabric:

The adjacent fabric used for the test can be single-fiber adjacent fabric or multi-fiber adjacent fabric.

Single-fiber interlining: If the sample is a pure textile, one interlining is made of the same fiber as the sample, and the other two are made of the specified fiber. If the sample is a blended or interwoven product, one interlining is made of the main fiber, and the other two are made of the secondary fiber.

Multi-fiber interlining (DW type): The main components are diacetate, cotton, nylon, polyester, acrylic, and wool.

Test Device:

The test device consists of a stainless steel frame and a weight with a mass of approximately 5kg and a bottom area of 115mm x 60mm. It also includes a glass plate or acrylic resin plate with a size of approximately 115mm x 60mm x 1.5mm. When a combined sample of (100±2)mm x (40±2)mm is sandwiched between the plates, the combined sample is subjected to a pressure of (12.5±0.9)kPa. The structure of the test device ensures that the pressure on the sample remains unchanged after the weight is removed during the test.

Preparation of Artificial Saliva:

Preparation of the 2002 version test solution: The test solution is prepared with grade 3 water and is ready for use. Each liter of solution contains 3.0g of lactic acid, 0.2g of urea, 4.5g of sodium chloride, 0.3g of KCl, 0.3g of sodium sulfate, and 0.4g of ammonium chloride.

Preparation of the 2019 version test solution: The test solution is prepared with grade 3 water and is ready for use. Each liter of test solution contains 0.17g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 0.15g of calcium chloride dihydrate, 0.76g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate trihydrate, 0.53g of potassium carbonate, 0.33g of sodium chloride, and 0.75g of KCl. Adjust the pH value of the test solution to 6.8±0.1 using a 1% hydrochloric acid solution.

Dissolve the specified amounts of potassium and sodium salts in 900mL of grade 3 water, add magnesium chloride and calcium chloride, and stir continuously until completely dissolved. Immerse the calibrated pH meter electrode in the solution, slowly add a 1% hydrochloric acid solution, and gently stir until the pH of the solution reaches 6.8±0.1. Add grade 3 water to make up to 1000mL, shake well, and store in the dark.

Operation Process:

1. At room temperature, place the combined sample flat in a flat-bottomed container, inject artificial saliva to soak it (bath ratio of 50:1). Let it sit at room temperature for 30 minutes, occasionally lifting and stirring to ensure the test solution fully and evenly penetrates. Remove the sample, pour off the residual liquid, and use a suitable method to remove excess test solution from the combined sample.

2024-12-30 13:15